Ukususela ngo-2014, ishishini lezithuthi zombane lishushu kancinci. Phakathi kwabo, ulawulo lwe-themol lolawulo lwezithuthi zombane ngokuthe ngcembe lushushu. Kuba uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane luxhomekeke kuphela kubuninzi bamandla, kodwa nakwinqanaba leteknoloji yolawulo lwe-Their. Inkqubo yoLawulo lwe-Itrmment ye-Itrmnakuphi naInkqubo yokukrala, ukusuka ekungakhathaleleni.
Ke namhlanje, masithethe malungaUlawulo lwe-thermal yezithuthi zombane, balawula ntoni?
Izinto ezifanayo kunye nolwahluko phakathi kolawulo lwemoto yombane kunye nolawulo lwemoto yesiqhelo
Le nqaku ifakwe kwindawo yokuqala kuba emva kokuba ishishini le-automotive lingene kwixesha elitsha lamandla, umda, iindlela zokumiliselwa kunye nezinto zolawulo lwe-thermal zitshintshile kakhulu.
Akukho sidingo sokuthetha ngakumbi ngolwazi lolawulo lwe-thermal yezithuthi zemveli apha, kwaye abafundi abaziingcali bacace gca ukuba ulawulo lwe-thesm yemveli lubandakanya iInkqubo yokulawulwa komoya kunye nolawulo lwe-thermal ye-powertrain.
Uyilo lolawulo lwe-shirmal lwezithuthi zombane lusekwe kuyilo lolawulo lwe-thermal yezithuthi ze-piel, kwaye yongeza imoto yolawulo lwe-thebhu ye-ItROS kunye nenkqubo ye-themetal ye-themetal kunye nenkqubo ye-thebhu ye-Itebhu, ngokungafaniyo neemoto zepetroli kuguquko lobushushu, ubushushu sisitshixo Into yokuchonga ukhuseleko lwayo, ukusebenza kunye nobomi, uLawulo lwe-Irmal yindlela eyimfuneko ukugcina uluhlu lobushushu olufanelekileyo kunye nokufana. Ke ngoko, inkqubo yolawulo lwetywina ye-Itrmmal ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ulawulo lwe-thermal yebhetri (ukuhanjiswa kobushushu / ukuqulunqwa kobushushu / ukufuduswa kobushushu) kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo kukhuseleko lwebhetri kunye nokuhambelana kwamandla emva kokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide.
Ke, ngokweenkcukacha, kukho ngokuyintloko kukho umahluko.
Imithombo eyahlukeneyo yobushushu yemeko yomoya
Inkqubo yokuGcina yoMoya yeloli ye-Pouel equlunqwe ikakhulu yi-cerpresser, i-condenser, i-valve yokwandiswa, i-Evaporator, ipayipile kunye nezinyeizinto.
Xa ukupholisa, ifriji (ifriji) yenziwa yi-compressor, kwaye ubushushu emotweni bususwe ukunciphisa ubushushu, ongumgaqo wefriji. KubaUmsebenzi we-compressor Kufuneka kuqhutywa yinjini, inkqubo yokuthambisa iya kwandisa umthwalo we-injini, kwaye esi sesona sizathu sokuba sitsho ukuba imeko ye-moya yehlobo ixabisa ioyile ye-oyile.
Okwangoku, phantse konke ukufudumeza kwamafutha kukusetyenziswa kobushushu kwi-injini yokuphola-isixa esikhulu sokushiswa kwe-injini kunokusetyenziselwa ukufudumeza imeko yomoya. Ukuphola kuyahamba ngobushushu obushushu (okwaziwa ngokuba yitanki yamanzi) kwinkqubo yomoya efudumeleyo, kwaye umoya ohanjiswe ngumoya ovuthuzayo, kwaye umoya ushushu kwaye emva koko uthunyelwe emotweni.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ebandayo, i-injini kufuneka isebenze ixesha elide ukukhulisa ubushushu bamanzi kubushushu obulungileyo, kwaye umsebenzisi kufuneka anyamezele ukubanda ixesha elide emotweni.
Ukufudumeza kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kukhulisa iitshisi zombane, izitshisi zombane zinezitshisi zomoya kunye nokubulala amanzi. Umgaqo we-heater ye-heater fana neyomisa womisa iinwele, ezazikhethela ngokuthe ngqo umoya ojikelezayo ngephepha lokufudumeza, ngaloo ndlela inika umoya oshushu emotweni. Inzuzo ye-heater yomoya kukuba ixesha lokufudumeza likhawuleza, umlinganiselo onamandla onamandla mkhulu kancinci, kwaye ubushushu obufudumeleyo buphezulu. Ingxaki kukuba umoya wokufudumeza umile kakhulu, ozisa imvakalelo yokomisa emzimbeni womntu. Umgaqo-siseko wesifudusa samanzi uyafana neyokucheba amanzi ombane, ehlola i-uthotho elinomtsalane, kunye nokupholisa amaqondo obushushu ahambahamba ngomoya ojikelezayo. Ixesha lokufudumeza lomfudulo lwamanzi lide elincinci kuneso se-heater yomoya, kodwa ikwakhawuleza ngakumbi kuneso sezithuthi zamafutha, kwaye umbhobho wamanzi ulahlekelwe bubushushu kwimo yobushushu ephantsi, kwaye ukusebenza kwamandla kusemgangathweni kancinane . IXiaopeng G3 isebenzisa i-heater yamanzi ekhankanywe apha ngasentla.
Ingaba ishushu okanye ishushu samanzi, kwizithuthi zombane, iibhetri zebhetri ziyafuneka ukubonelela ngombane, kwaye uninzi lombane luchithwa ngaphakathiUkufudumeza umoya kwiindawo ezingamaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Oku kubangela ukuba kuncitshiswe uluhlu lokuqhuba lweemoto zombane kwindawo yobushushu ephantsi.
Thelekisaed kunye Ingxaki yesantya sokukhumbula kancinci kwezithuthi zamafutha kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ukusetyenziswa kokufudumeza kombane kwizithuthi zombane kunokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokufudumeza.
Ulawulo lwe-thermal yeebhetri
Xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo lwe-injini ye-injini yezithuthi zepetroli, iimfuno ze-irmal yolawulo lwenkqubo yenkqubo yombane yeZithuthi zingqongiwe.
Kuba owona mgangatho wobushushu osebenzayo webhetri incinci kakhulu, iqondo lobushushu lebhetri lifunwa ukuba libe phakathi kwe-15 ne-40° C. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu obuhlala buhlala busetyenziswa zizithuthi ze-30 ~ 40° C, kwaye iimeko zokuqhuba zabasebenzisi bokwenyani zintsokothile. Ulawulo loLawulo lwe-Irmal kufuneka luchonge kwaye luchonge iimeko zokuqhuba kwezithuthi kunye nemeko yeebheji, kwaye ziphumeze ulawulo olunobushushu, kwaye uzama ukufezekisa ibhalansi phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukusebenza kwebhetri, intuthuzelo yebhetri kunye nentuthuzelo.
Ukwenzela ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwenqanaba le-demerity, umthamo webhetri ombane uya kuba nkulu kwaye nkulu, kwaye uxinano lwamandla lusiya luphakama kwaye luphakame; Kwangelo xesha, kuyimfuneko ukusombulula okukhoyo okwexesha elide lokutshaja kakhulu kubasebenzisi, kunye nokushaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusindisa ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokuphathelele kolawulo lobushushu, ukubiza okuphakathi okukhawulezayo kuzisa isizukulwana esikhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu kwebhetri. Nje ukuba iqondo lobushushu bebhetri liphezulu kakhulu ngexesha lokubiza, isenokunganeli nje kubangele umngcipheko wokhuseleko, kodwa kukukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinjengokuncitshiswa kwebhetri kunye nokukhawulezisa ukubola kwebhetri. Uyilo lweInkqubo yoLawulo lwe-Irmalluvavanyo oluqatha.
Ulawulo lwe-thermal yombane
Uhlengahlengiso lwethuthuzelo lweKhawulezishini
Indawo eyi-Indooll yemoto echaphazela ngqo intuthuzelo yomsebenzi. Ukudityaniswa nemodeli yemvakalelo yomzimba womntu, ukufundisisa kokuhamba kunye nokudlulisela ubushushu kwi-CAB yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuphucula intuthuzelo yezithuthi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwezithuthi. Ukusuka kwi-Comm Scimey yoyilo, ukusuka kwindawo yokuphuma kwemeko yomoya, iglasi yemoto echaphazeleke yimitha yokukhanya kwelanga kunye noyilo lomzimba wonke, oludityaniswe nenkqubo yokuthuthuzelwa kwemeko yomoya.
Xa uqhuba imoto, abasebenzisi akufuneki babone kuphela imvakalelo yokuqhuba iziswe ngamandla amandla emoto, kodwa ithuthuzelo yemeko ebalulekileyo yekhabhathi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo.
Ibhetri yebhetri yokusebenza kwamandla
Ibhetri ekusebenziseni inkqubo iza kudibana neengxaki ezininzi, ngakumbi kubushushu bebhetri, ibhetri ye-lithium kwimo yendawo yokushishina i-Andssies yendawo yokusebenza ibaluleke kakhulu, kusetyenziswa iibhetri ngokugqithileyo Amatyala aya kuba nako ukubangela ingozi kwibhetri, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa intsebenzo yebhetri kunye nobomi.
Eyona njongo iphambili yolawulo lobushushu kukwenza ipakethi yebhetri ihlala isebenza ngaphakathi kuluhlu olufanelekileyo lobushushu ukugcina imeko yepakethi yebhetri. Inkqubo yoLawulo lwe-Irmal yebhetri ikakhulu ibandakanya imisebenzi emithathu: Ukuhlanjwa kobushushu, ukuguqula kunye nokulinganiswa kobushushu. Ukuchithwa kobushushu kunye nokuhambahamba ngokuthe chu kulungiswa ikakhulu ngefuthe elinokubakho kwiqondo lobushushu langaphandle kwibhetri. Ukulinganiswa kobushushu kusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umahluko wobushushu ngaphakathi kwepakethi yebhetri kunye nokuthintela ukubola okukhawulezayo okubangelwa yinxalenye ethile yebhetri.
Iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-thebhile ezisetyenziswa kwizithuthi zombane ngoku kwintengiso ikakhulu zihlulwe zangamacandelo amabini: Ipholile kwaye ipholile.
Umgaqo weInkqubo yolawulo lwe-moya ifana noMgaqo-nkqubo weMisebenzi yobushushu wekhompyuter, i-fan yokupholisa ifakwe kwicandelo elinye lepakethi, kwaye esinye isiphelo sine-vent, ekhawulezisa ukuhamba kwe-fan, ukuze Ukususa ubushushu obukhutshwe yibhetri xa isebenza.
Ukuyibeka ngokuqaqamba, ukuphola komoya kukongeza i-fan kwicala lepakethi yebhetri, kwaye upholise ipakethi yebhetri ngokuvuthelwa yiFan, kodwa umoya ovuthuzayo nguFan uya kuchaphazeleka iya kuncitshiswa xa iqondo lobushushu langaphandle liphezulu. Kanye njengokuvuthelwa i-fan akukwenzi ukuba uphile usuku olushushu. Inzuzo yophololo lomoya lulwakhiwo olulula kunye neendleko eziphantsi.
Ukupholisa ulwelo kususa ubushushu obuveliswe yibhetri ngexesha lomsebenzi nge-Colant kwipakethi yokuphola ngaphakathi kwepakethi yebhetri. Ukusuka kweyona mpembelelo yokusetyenziswa, i-Liquight Inqanaba le-Liquight linelungelo lokudlulisela ubushushu obuphezulu, isikhundla esikhulu seshushu, kunye nesantya sokupholisa, kunye ne-Xiaopeng G3 sisebenzisa inkqubo yokupholisa impumelelo.
Ngamaxesha alula, umgaqo wokupholisa ulwelo kukucwangcisa umbhobho wamanzi kwipakethi yebhetri. Xa iqondo lobushushu lepakethi yebhetri liphezulu kakhulu, amanzi abandayo agalelwe kumbhobho wamanzi, kwaye ubushushu bususwe ngamanzi abandayo ukuze bapholile. Ukuba iqondo lobushushu bebhetri liphantsi kakhulu, kufuneka livutha.
Xa imoto iqhutywa ngamandla okanye ihlawuliswe ngokukhawuleza, inani elikhulu lobushushu liveliswa ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhupha ibhetri. Xa ubushushu bebhetri buphezulu kakhulu, vula i-compressor, kwaye i-custrant yeqondo lobushushu ihamba nge-pient kumbhobho wokupholisa wobushushu bebhetri. Ukuphola kweqondo lobushushu eliphantsi ukuya kwiphakethi yebhetri ukususa ubushushu, ukuba ibhetri isebenzise olona lonwabo lobushushu, olunokuphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwebhetri ngexesha lokusebenzisa ixesha kunye nexesha elinqamlezayo.
Kubusika obubandayo kakhulu, ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi, umsebenzi weebhetri zeLithium uncitshisiwe, intsebenzo yebhetri incitshisiwe kakhulu, kwaye ibhetri ayinakubekwa amanzi aphezulu okanye ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza. Ngeli xesha, vula i-heater yamanzi ukuze afudumeze kwisekethe yebhetri, kwaye iqondo lobushushu elipholileyo liyayiva ibhetri. Iqinisekisa ukuba imoto ikwanako ukuba namandla okuqhuba ngokukhawuleza kunye nodidi olude lokuqhuba kwimo yobushushu ephantsi.
Umbane we-elektroniki ulawulo lwe-elektroniki kunye neenxalenye eziphezulu zombane ezipholileyo zokupholisa ubushushu
Izithuthi ezitsha zamandla zifumene imisebenzi ebanzi yombane, kwaye inkqubo yamafutha amaxhoba itshintshelwe kwinkqubo yombane. Ibhetri yebhetri yamandla ukuya kuthi gaI-370v voltage Ukubonelela ngamandla, ukupholisa nokufudumeza imoto, kwaye unike amandla kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zombane emotweni. Ngexesha lokuqhuba kwemoto, izinto ezinamandla ombane ezinamandla (ezinje ngemali, i-DCDC, abalawuli beemoto, njl.). Iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu yezixhobo zombane linokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwezithuthi, ukusibekeka amandla kunye neengozi zokhuseleko. Ulawulo lwe-thermal yemoto kufuneka lusebenzise ubushushu obekiweyo ngexesha lokuqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo ombane aphezulu emoto akwindawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo.
I-G3 Inkqubo yokuLawulwa kweMbane, yamkela i-artication yolwelo yokupholisa ubushushu bolawulo lwe-thermal. Ipholile kwi-pieling ye-pump yokuqhuba ye-elektroniki ihamba ngemoto ihamba ngemoto kunye nezinye izixhobo zokufudumeza ukuthwala ubushushu bezinto zombane, kwaye emva koko ihamba kwi-radiator grille yemoto, kwaye i-elektroniki fan ivuliwe phola iqondo lobushushu obuphezulu.
Ezinye iingcinga zophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lomzi mveliso wolawulo lwe-thermal
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla asezantsi:
Ukuze unciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ezinkulu ezibangelwa yimeko yomoya, ukubetha kwempompo yempompo kufike ngokuthe ngcembe. Nangona i-pump ye-pump yokutshisa ubushushu (kusetyenziswa i-R134A njengoko inyani) inemida ethile kwindalo esingqongileyo esetyenzisiweyo, njengamaqondo obushushu asezantsi (ngezantsi -10° C) Awunakusebenza, ifriji kwindawo yobushushu ephezulu ayifani kwimiba yomoya oqhelekileyo wombane. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ezininzi ze-china, intwasahlobo kunye nekwisiXeti se-Aleclum (iqondo lobushushu) linokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nomlinganiso onamandla we-2 ukuya kumaxesha ama-2 ukuya kumaxesha ama-2 ukuya kumaxesha ama-2 ukuya kumaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwezi-3.
Ingxolo ephantsi:
Emva kokuba imoto yombane ayinawo umthombo wengxolo yenjini, isandi esiveliswe kukusebenza kwei-compressorkunye nesiphelo sangaphambili se-elektroniki xa i-factor ye-air ivuliwe ukuze ifriji ilula ukhalaza ngabasebenzisi. Iimveliso ezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo kunye nezoloyiko kunye ne-compressoves enkulu yokufudukayo inceda ukunciphisa isandi esibangelwa kukusebenza ngelixa kusenyuka isikhundla sokupholisa
Ixabiso eliphantsi:
Iindlela zokupholisa kunye nokufudumeza zenkqubo yolawulo lwe-irmal zisebenzisa inkqubo yokupholisa i-fluing, kwaye imfuno yobushushu ye-heating yebhetri kunye nemeko yomoya eshushu kakhulu. Isisombululo sangoku kukwandisa i-heater yombane ukuze yonyuse imveliso yobushushu, ezisa iindleko eziphezulu zexabiso kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwamandla. Ukuba kukho ikhefu kwitekhnoloji yebhetri ukusombulula okanye ukunciphisa iimfuno zobushushu zebhetri, kuya kuzisa impumelelo enkulu kuyilo kunye neendleko zeenkqubo zolawulo lwe-The. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kobushushu benkunkuma eziveliswe yimoto ngexesha lokuqhutywa kwesithuthi kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwenkqubo yolawulo lwe-irmal. Ukubuyela umva kukuncitshiswa komthamo webhetri, ukuphuculwa kwenqanaba lokuqhuba, kunye nokuncitshiswa kweendleko zezithuthi.
Ingqondo:
Inqanaba eliphezulu lombane kukuphumelela kwendlela yophuhliso lwezithuthi zombane, kwaye ii-condions zemveli zomoya zimiselwe kuphela kwifriji kunye nokufudumeza imisebenzi yokuphuhlisa. Ukuphathwa komoya kunokuphuculwa ngakumbi kwinkxaso yedatha enkulu esekwe kwimikhwa yemoto yomsebenzisi, njengemoto yosapho, iqondo lomsindo lomoya linokuthathelwa ingqalelo kubantu abohlukileyo emva kokuba bengene emotweni. Vula imeko yomoya ngaphambi kokuba uphume ukuze ubushushu kwimoto kufikelela kubushushu obukhululekileyo. Indawo yokuphuma yomoya ekrelekrele yombane inokuhlengahlengisa ngokuzenzekelayo indlela yokuphuma komoya ngokwenani labantu abasemotweni, isikhundla kunye nobungakanani bomzimba.
Ixesha leposi: Oct-20 ukuya ku-2023